Marketing & Sales

Guides on marketing, advertising, sales management, distribution and retail, with Indian examples.

Identical branded shops supplied by one central warehouse, illustrating chain or multiple stores
Marketing & Sales

Quick answer: Advantages of chain stores: bulk buying, lower prices, shared advertising, spread of risk, fast stock turnover, no bad

Shoppers on escalators in a multi-floor department store, illustrating departmental stores
Marketing & Sales

Quick answer: A departmental store sells many kinds of goods in separate departments under one roof. Its advantages are savings

Market street with a hawker cart, corner shop, vending machine and supermarket
Marketing & Sales

Quick answer: Retailers are the last link between producers and consumers. Small itinerant retailers include street sellers, hawkers, periodic market

Shopkeeper helping a customer with delivery bags and credit ledger, illustrating functions of retailers
Marketing & Sales

Quick answer: A retailer is the last link between producers and consumers. Retailers stock and sell goods in small quantities

Distribution chain with scissors over the wholesaler, illustrating arguments on eliminating wholesalers
Marketing & Sales

Quick answer: Arguments for eliminating wholesalers: they raise prices, producers can sell direct online, large retailers buy direct, better transport

Warehouse workers grading and packing goods for delivery to shops, illustrating functions of wholesalers
Marketing & Sales

Quick answer: Wholesalers assemble and buy goods, break bulk, store, transport, finance the chain through prompt payment and credit, bear

Wholesale warehouse loading bulk cartons onto trucks for small shops
Marketing & Sales

Quick answer: Wholesalers buy in bulk and sell to retailers, other businesses or industrial users. They can be grouped by

Goods moving from factory to warehouse to trucks and trains toward shops
Marketing & Sales

Quick answer: Logistics or physical distribution is the planning and control of the movement and storage of goods from the

Manufacturer choosing between direct, wholesale, retail and online routes, illustrating distribution channel choice
Marketing & Sales

Quick answer: The choice of distribution channel depends on five groups of factors: product factors (perishability, unit value, complexity, bulk,

Distribution hub with forklifts, order screen and trucks on mapped routes
Marketing & Sales

Quick answer: The five main physical distribution (logistics) decisions in marketing are: where to locate warehouses and distribution hubs, how